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Design as a Medium: The Art of
Building for Billions

Bob Baxley
Designer, Executive & Advisor
(Apple, Pinterest, Yahoo, ThoughtSpot)
DESIGN LEADER
Core Definition

Design is Clear Thinking Made Visible

MINDSETREALITYINTENTIONALITY
"Design is trying to imagine the future you want to live in and then take the steps to make it real. It's living with a certain type of intentionality."
  • Design is a holistic mindset, not just visual expression
  • Most people confuse design with the output (a designer, a team)
  • Design thinking = imagining a future state and navigating toward it
  • Intentional worldmaking, different from science or engineering
The Obligation

Your Moral Duty: Hundreds of Millions of Interactions

  • Scale of impact: Modern humans have hundreds of interactions with software daily — most not great
  • The responsibility: Product makers must return emotional energy to people's lives
  • The visibility problem: You never see the actual human impact of your work
  • The antidote: Go watch software being used in the wild — not your own product
Bob's reality check

Billions of people interact with software you've made. You'll never see them. You have an obligation to remember that.

How to develop taste

Watch self-checkout at Target. Watch checkout on eBay, Amazon, Williams-Sonoma. Watch elderly people try chip cards. Watch people's home screens. This is how you build intuition.

Culture Migration

The Apple Car Wash: How to Change Companies Successfully

  • The mistake: Leaving Apple on Friday, starting at Pinterest on Monday. Zero recalibration time.
  • The lesson: Every strong culture (Apple, Google, Facebook) deeply indoctrinates you
  • The paradox: Companies hire you FOR your old culture's values, but NOT its behaviors
  • The fix: Hold the values, but translate the behaviors to fit your new culture's norms
At Pinterest

Bounced off the culture. Came in "fighting hard" (Apple style). Pinterest's culture was different—posters everywhere said "say the hard thing." Cultural mismatch, not failure.

At ThoughtSpot

Founder Ajeet Singh deeply valued design from day one (exposure to IDEO early in career). Shared values, aligned culture. Success came from cultural fit, not just talent.

Founder DNA

Design Must Be in the Root DNA

  • Never seen a company graft design on after founding — doesn't work
  • Design-led companies have it from day one in their foundational values
  • Apple, Airbnb do it. Google, Amazon don't — that's fine, different competition
  • When interviewing: ask the founder for the story of WHY they believe in design
  • A credible origin story is your signal that design can thrive here
The hiring questionWhy would you work somewhere that doesn't value the thing you do? Get air cover from the top. Ask for the design story.
Contrarian

What Bob Sees Differently About Software

Design is cosmetic polish on a productINSTEAD →Design is a medium—like film, music, books. Software creates emotional experiences. The medium is what we're crafting.
You grow as fast as your company growsINSTEAD →People get outgrown by their roles. Most people fall off the branch. Growth is hard; staying balanced is harder.
You must watch YOUR users to understand UXINSTEAD →Watch OTHER software being used. You have bias when watching your own. See patterns across products; transfer intuition.
Build metrics to understand user behaviorINSTEAD →Metrics are like raw telescope data. Go outside and look at the night sky. Watch humans actually use software in the wild.
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